Chepetsani kuipitsidwa kwamakampani opanga zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri

Zachidziwikire: M'zaka zaposachedwa, Komiti Yaikulu Yachipani ndi Boma la State Council adawona kufunika kwakukulu pakusinthika kwachitsulo ndi chitsulo chotsika kwambiri. Pamisonkhano yambiri yofunikira ndi malipoti a ntchito za boma, zaperekedwa kuti zilimbikitse kusintha kwapamwamba kwambiri kwa mafakitale achitsulo ndi zitsulo. "Maganizo pa Kupititsa patsogolo Kukhazikitsidwa kwa Ma Ultra-Low Emissions mu Iron ndi Steel Industry" ( Pambuyo pa kutulutsidwa kwa Huan Taiqi [2019] No. 35), madera onse akuyenera kuchita kusintha kwapamwamba kwambiri kwa mafakitale azitsulo magawo ndi zigawo. Malire otulutsa mpweya mu "Maganizo" amatchedwanso "miyezo yolimba kwambiri m'mbiri" ndi akatswiri amakampani. Pansi pa zinthu izi, ndi zisa mwa zolozera zofunika mpweya particulate mu chikalata ndi mmene panopa dziko lathu fumbi kuchotsa luso, yerekezerani ubwino ndi kuipa waukulu fumbi kuchotsa luso ndi kuzindikira mkulu mu makampani, ndi kukambirana kusankha. njira zamakono zochotsera fumbi pansi pa zofunikira zatsopano. Ndipo sinthani malingaliro omwe angatchulidwe ndi makampani azitsulo oyenera ndikuthandizira kupambana pankhondo yolimbana ndi thambo lamtambo.
Kuti akwaniritse zisankho ndi kutumizidwa kwa Party Central Committee ndi State Council, mu Epulo 2019, Unduna wa Zachilengedwe ndi Zachilengedwe, pamodzi ndi Development and Reform Commission ndi Unduna wa Zamakampani ndi Upangiri Wachidziwitso, adagwirizana pamodzi "Maganizo. pa Kukwezeleza Kukhazikitsidwa kwa Mafuta Ochepa Kwambiri M'makampani a Zitsulo” (pamenepa amatchedwa "Maganizo"). "Maganizo" alimbitsanso miyezo yoyambira yotulutsa zinthu zachitsulo m'njira zosiyanasiyana zachitsulo, ndipo akuti utsi wotsika kwambiri umatanthauza kutsika kwambiri panthawi yonseyi. Imayikanso patsogolo zofunikira zakusintha kopitilira muyeso m'magawo osiyanasiyana, zomwe zimalimbikitsanso ukadaulo wochotsa fumbi ndi chithandizo chamakampani azitsulo. Sinthani. Komabe, pakadali pano, mabizinesi ambiri apanyumba achitsulo ndi zitsulo amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali yosinthira ng'anjo, ndi njira zambiri zovuta. Sichinthu chophweka kuti tikwaniritse milingo yotulutsa zinthu zamtundu uliwonse pakupanga. Komanso, chitukuko cha mabizinesi achitsulo ndi zitsulo zapakhomo ndizosafanana, ndipo mphamvu zopanga zomwe sizikukwaniritsa miyezo yachitetezo cha chilengedwe ndizosowa. Chifukwa chake, kukweza ndi kukweza malo ochotsera fumbi ndikofunikira. Choncho, pansi pa ndondomeko ya chitetezo cha chilengedwe, kufunafuna kukwaniritsa malire otsika kwambiri a fumbi mu nthawi yochepa mosakayikira ndilo vuto lachangu kwambiri lomwe makampani achitsulo amakumana nawo.
Mirror-Golide1
1. Zofunikira pakuwongolera zinthu pamasinthidwe otsika kwambiri
Mu Epulo 2019, "Maganizo" adakhazikitsidwa mwalamulo, ndikuyambitsa chitsulo choteteza chilengedwe, ndikulengeza kuti msika wazitsulo mdziko langa lonse walowa m'malo ambiri osinthika kwambiri. Ponena za zizindikiro za zinthu, "Maganizo" amafunikira mpweya wotulutsa mpweya wopangidwa mwadongosolo, makina a sintering mutu ndi pellet wowotcha gasi (kuphatikiza ng'anjo ya shaft, ng'anjo ya grate, chowotcha lamba), coking process coke ng'anjo ya chimney mpweya wotulutsa mpweya , Zina gwero lalikulu la kuipitsa (kuphatikiza mchira wa makina otenthetsera, kuthira malasha, kuzimitsa kowuma, masitovu otentha, maenje ang'anjo ndi nyumba zopopera, kutenthetsa zitsulo, kutembenuza mpweya wachiwiri wa flue, ndi zina zotero.) sipamwamba Pa 10 mg/m3, kuchuluka kwa umuna wa ola limodzi ndi 95% ya nthawi pamwezi kumakwaniritsa muyezo; mpweya wa zinyalala uli mu mawonekedwe osakonzekera, zinthu zotumizira ndi zosawerengeka, sintering, pelletizing, ironmaking, coking ndi njira zina zowonongeka zakuthupi, kuyang'ana, zipangizo zochotsera fumbi ziyenera kuperekedwa kwa zipangizo zosakaniza ndi kudula zidutswa. Kuphatikiza apo, "Maganizo" adawonetsanso kuti mabizinesi akuyenera kusankha ukadaulo wokhwima komanso wogwiritsidwa ntchito woteteza chilengedwe malinga ndi momwe zinthu ziliri mufakitale, ndikulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapamwamba zochotsa fumbi monga zotolera za fumbi zophimbidwa ndi filimu ndi zosonkhanitsa fumbi za cartridge. , yomwe imasonyeza njira yosankha teknoloji yochotsa fumbi. .
2. Panopa udindo wa fumbi kuchotsa luso ntchito
Pambuyo pofufuza mabizinesi opitilira 20 achitsulo ndi zitsulo, apeza kuti pafupifupi mabizinesi onse achitsulo ndi zitsulo amagwiritsa ntchito fyuluta yachikwama yamphamvu kwambiri kapena fyuluta ya katiriji kuti athetse mpweya wotulutsa fumbi, ndipo njira zina zomwe zimatulutsa mpweya wonyowa wonyowa zimagwiritsa ntchito zida zonyowa zama electrostatic. Kampaniyo imakhulupirira kuti njira zokhwimazi zimakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zochitira fumbi ndi gasi, zomwe zimakhala zofanana ndi teknoloji yochotsa fumbi yomwe imatchulidwa mu "Maganizo". Kuphatikiza apo, molingana ndi matekinoloje otheka pochiza zinthu zagasi zomwe zafotokozedwa mu "Technical Specifications for Pollution Permit Application and Issuance", kupatulapo mpweya wotulutsa mpweya wopangidwa ndi mphero yotentha, mpweya wina wotulutsa mpweya. Mfundo zoyambitsa kuipitsa zimatha kuthandizidwa ndi fumbi la m'thumba (chophimba). Zosefera za Membrane) ndikuchotsa fumbi la cartridge. Chifukwa chake, nkhaniyi ikuwunika kwambiri zabwino ndi zoyipa komanso kugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje ochotsa fumbi lachikwama ndi fyuluta.
Fyuluta yachikwama idawonekera kale ndipo idagwiritsidwa ntchito kumapeto kwa Westernization Movement. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kusefa mpweya wouma, wafumbi wokhala ndi tinthu tating'ono. Chikwama cha fyulutacho chimapangidwa ndi ulusi wosiyanasiyana wosiyanasiyana (chingwe chamankhwala kapena ulusi wagalasi) kudzera mu kuluka kapena kukhomerera singano, ndipo chimagwiritsa ntchito kusefa kwa nsalu za ulusi kuti zisefe mpweya wokhala ndi fumbi. Chotolera fumbi chamtundu wa cartridge chinawoneka mochedwa. M'zaka za m'ma 1970, ogwiritsa ntchito ena adawonekera m'mayiko a Kumadzulo. Amakhulupirira kuti mtundu uwu wa otolera fumbi unali wocheperako kukula, umakhala wabwino kwambiri pakukonza bwino, komanso wosavuta kusamalira. Komabe, ngati kuli koyenera kuchitira gasi wafumbi ndi mpweya wokulirapo, zotsatira zake zidzakhala zoipa chifukwa cha mphamvu yaing'ono ya precipitator, yomwe ndi yovuta kuigwiritsa ntchito m'mabizinesi akuluakulu a mafakitale, kotero sichinapitirire kulimbikitsa ambiri. zaka. Kuyambira zaka za m'ma 21, umisiri wapadziko lonse wapita patsogolo kwambiri. Makampani ena akunja atsogola pakuwongolera kapangidwe kawo ndi zosefera za otolera fumbi, ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwachulukidwe kangapo ndikukhala wotolera fumbi lalikulu wokhala ndi fyuluta yopitilira 2,000 m2.
3. Kuyerekeza kusanthula kwaukadaulo wochotsa fumbi
1. Wotolera fumbi la thumba
(1) Mfundo yogwira ntchito ya thumba fyuluta
Mpweya wokhala ndi fumbi umalowa m'njira yolowera mpweya kuchokera ku hood yochotsa fumbi, ndipo ikafika potuluka, imayendetsedwa ndi fan fan, kenako thumba la fibrous fumbi kuchotsa fumbi limagwiritsidwa ntchito kulanda utsi ndi fumbi mothandizidwa. mphamvu yokoka ndi inertia.
(2) Zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito a thumba fyuluta
Kuchita kwa thumba fyuluta makamaka kumaphatikizapo kuchotsa fumbi, kutaya mphamvu ndi moyo wautumiki. Zinthu zazikuluzikulu zomwe zimatsimikizira momwe fumbi limagwirira ntchito komanso moyo wautumiki wa fyuluta ya thumba ndi chiŵerengero cha mpweya ndi nsalu, mtundu wa zinthu zosefera, ndi kusankha njira zochotsera fumbi.
Zosefera za thumba zosefera zasintha kuchokera ku ulusi wamba kupita ku ulusi wapamwamba kwambiri, kenako kupita ku ulusi wapadera wopangidwa ndi gawo lalikulu, kenako kupita ku kapangidwe ka nembanemba ka ePTFE. Ulusi wamba sungathe kuwongolera tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta fumbi, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kusintha mawonekedwe a CHIKWANGWANI kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yakunja kuti mukwaniritse kuwongolera kopanda fumbi; ultra-fine CHIKWANGWANI zooneka cross-gawo ulusi ulusi ali ndi yaikulu yeniyeni pamwamba dera, kuchititsa malo aakulu kusefera, potero kuchepetsa Air ndi nsalu chiŵerengero; ePTFE nembanemba amatha kusokoneza fumbi pamwamba pa nembanemba. Pakali pano, kusankha kwa membrane fyuluta zakuthupi za thumba la fyuluta ndiye chisankho chochotsa fumbi.
2. Wotolera fumbi wa cartridge
Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya fumbi la fyuluta ya cartridge: Mpweya wokhala ndi fumbi umalowa m'njira yolowera mpweya kudzera mu chotolera fumbi, ndipo umalowetsedwa m'bokosi ndi fani yakunja yopangira. Chifukwa bokosilo liri ndi radius yokulirapo kuposa chitoliro, mpweya umachulukira, ndipo fumbi lolemera kwambiri limakhazikika ndi mphamvu yokoka, tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta fumbi timalowa mu katiriji ya fyuluta ndi mpweya, ndipo amatsekeredwa ndi fyuluta. mndandanda wa zotsatira mabuku ndiyeno analekanitsidwa mlengalenga.
3. Kuyerekeza ubwino ndi kuipa kwa thumba fyuluta ndi katiriji fyuluta
Chotolera fumbi la mtundu wa thumba ndi chojambulira fumbi la cartridge ali ndi zabwino ndi zovuta zake pakagwiritsidwe ntchito. Posankha njira yochotsera fumbi, kuganizira mozama za momwe kampaniyo ilili. Ubwino ndi kuipa kwake zikuwonetsedwa mu Gulu 1.
Chachinayi, kusanthula zochitika zamabizinesi
Tengani njira yochotsera fumbi kusinthika kwa gawo la dzenje la ng'anjo yamagulu azitsulo m'chigawo cha Hebei monga chitsanzo. Poyamba kampaniyo idagwiritsa ntchito fyuluta yachikwama kuchotsa fumbi kuchokera ku gasi wotulutsa mpweya wopangidwa mu gawo la dzenje la ng'anjo yophulika. Komabe, zidadziwika pakagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti zitha kuyambitsa chisokonezo chifukwa cha magwiridwe antchito. Vuto la chikwama. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, chifukwa cha thumba la fumbi losasunthika bwino, mpweya wotulutsa mpweya wa gawoli sungathe kukwaniritsa zofunikira za ultra-low emission standards. Poganizira mmene kufika muyezo ndi ndalama likulu m'malo fyuluta thumba, kampani anaganiza kusintha ndondomeko kuchotsa fumbi ndi m'malo thumba fyuluta ndi fyuluta katiriji fyuluta. Kuyerekeza kwa magawo ndi zotsatira zake zisanachitike komanso pambuyo pakusintha zikuwonetsedwa mu Gulu 2.
Malingana ndi deta yowunikira pa intaneti isanayambe komanso itatha kusintha, kuchuluka kwa mpweya wotulutsa mpweya mu gawoli kwachepetsedwa kwambiri, ndipo kumatha kufika mokhazikika mkati mwa 10 mg / m3, kukwaniritsa zofunikira za ultra-low emission standards. Poyerekeza ndi kusinthika kusanachitike, mutatha kugwiritsa ntchito fyuluta katiriji fumbi, vuto la kuvala kosavuta komanso kutayikira kwa thumba la fyuluta limapewedwa, makamaka lingagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali popanda kukonza, ngakhale katiriji yosefera itachotsedwa ndikusinthidwa, ndi yabwino kwambiri, ndipo imakulitsidwa pamalo ochepa. Malo ogwira fyuluta amachepetsedwa, kusiyana kwa kuthamanga kumakhala kochepa, ndipo zotsatira zochotsa fumbi zimakhala zokhazikika. Koma pambuyo m'malo fyuluta katiriji fumbi wotolera, palinso zofooka zina.
Kupyolera mu kuyankhulana ndi ogwira ntchito mkati mwa kampaniyo, wolembayo adaphunzira kuti zipangizo pambuyo pa kusintha zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuposa kale, ndipo kampaniyo iyenera kukhala ndi zipangizo zamakono zotumizira, kuyika ndi kusamalira. Komanso, kusankha kwa fyuluta katiriji fumbi wotolera mitundu youma fumbi si bwino monga kuyembekezera, ndipo alibe mkulu fumbi kuchotsa bwino kwa mitundu yonse fumbi. Ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito njira zonse, ikufunikabe kufufuza mozama ndi chitukuko. Nthawi zambiri, pansi pazovuta kwambiri zachitetezo cha chilengedwe, kutengera kutsata kutsata chilengedwe, zotsatira zakusinthako zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri.
Chachisanu, malingaliro achidule
1. Malingaliro osankha njira
Pakali pano, popanda kuganizira kuchotsa fumbi chonyowa, njira yabwino kwambiri yochotsera fumbi muzochitika zotsika kwambiri ziyenera kukhala chotolera fumbi la cartridge ndi thumba la fyuluta. Mitundu iwiri ya osonkhanitsa fumbi ili ndi ubwino ndi zovuta zawo. Pakusintha kwazinthu zotsika kwambiri zamabizinesi azitsulo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mabizinesi asankhe ukadaulo wochotsa fumbi malinga ndi momwe zilili komanso zosowa zawo. Ngati choyambirira thumba fumbi kuchotsa ndondomeko akadali sangathe kukwaniritsa mfundo khola umuna, sitepe yoyamba kungakhale Ganizirani m'malo PTFE microporous nembanemba ndi kopitilira muyeso CHIKWANGWANI pamwamba wosanjikiza gradient fyuluta zakuthupi. Kachiwiri, lingalirani zosintha zosefera katiriji kuchotsa fumbi kuti mutsirize kusinthika kotsika kwambiri ndikukwaniritsa kutulutsa kofananako.
2. Malingaliro a mapangidwe a uinjiniya
Pofuna kuthandiza makampani kukwaniritsa zofunikira za "Maganizo" ndikupereka maupangiri opangira uinjiniya ndi zomangamanga, mu Januware 2020, China Environmental Protection Industry Association idapereka "Technical Guidelines for Ultra-low Emission Reconstruction of Iron and Steel Enterprises", momwe njira yochotsera fumbi lachikwama lapamwamba kwambiri ndikusefera Njira yochotsera fumbi la ng'oma imapanga mndandanda wazinthu zamaluso zamaukadaulo, ndipo tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mabizinesi azitha kuwatchula pakusintha kwautsi wotsika kwambiri kutengera momwe zinthu ziliri. . Kutengera chitsanzo cha thumba lachikwama, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti kampani ikapanga mgwirizano, liwiro la mphepo ya fyuluta liyenera kupangidwa kuti likhale lochepera 0.8 m / min. Liwiro la mphepo ya fyuluta apa liyenera kukhala liwiro lonse la mphepo. Liwiro lamphepo losefera ndi liwiro la mphepo ya kusefera komwe kumawerengedwera. Pamene wotolera fumbi la offline amatsuka fumbi, imodzi mwa nkhokwe idzatsekedwa ndipo liwiro la mphepo yosefera lidzawonjezeka. Iyi ndi nthawi yomwe mpweya wotulutsa mpweya umatha kupitirira muyezo, choncho chofunika ndicho kusefera kwamphepo; Ndikofunikira kuti wosonkhanitsa fumbi apangidwe ndi deflector kuti aziwongolera kugawa kwa mpweya. Ngati deflector sanasankhidwe, thumba la fyuluta kapena cartridge ya fyuluta idzatsukidwa ndi mpweya wa mpweya ndikuchepetsa moyo wautumiki.
"Blue Sky Defense" yalowa gawo lomaliza lothana ndi mavuto ovuta. Monga bwalo lalikulu lankhondo la kupewa ndi kuwongolera kuwonongeka kwa mpweya, makampani azitsulo ndi ofunikira kwambiri kuti asinthe utsi wambiri. Makampani achitsulo ndi zitsulo ayenera kuyankha mwachangu, kumveketsa malingaliro owongolera kuwononga chilengedwe, ndikulimbikitsa kuwongolera kwachilengedwe komanso kusintha kwa mafakitale.